Dog Diseases Database
Every hereditary and common canine condition — with tests, affected body regions, and the breeds where each shows up most.
Filters
- ModerateSkin & coatAutosomal recessive
Ichthyosis, NIPAL4-related
This form of ichthyosis is an inherited skin disorder caused by a genetic mutation in the NIPAL4 gene, which impairs the skin's outer protective barrier. Without a properly functioning barrier, the skin cannot regulate moisture or shed dead cells correctly, leading to a buildup of dry, scaly tissue. This disruption in the normal skin-renewal process is known as abnormal keratinization.
View details - ModerateSkin & coatAutosomal recessive
Ichthyosis, non-epidermolytic, SDR9C7-related
This is an inherited skin disorder caused by a genetic mutation that disrupts how skin cells mature and shed. Without proper shedding, dead skin cells build up on the surface, leading to significant scaling. Because it is non-epidermolytic, the skin does not blister or peel off in painful layers.
Tested via: DNA testView details - ModerateSkin & coatAutosomal recessive
Ichthyosis, PNPLA1-related(ICT)
This is an inherited skin disorder caused by a genetic mutation that disrupts how the outer layer of the skin forms and sheds. Specifically, it affects the skin's ability to produce essential fats that maintain the natural moisture barrier, leading to a buildup of dry, dead skin cells. This disruption in the normal shedding process results in thick, scaly skin.
Tested via: DNA testView details - ModerateSkin & coatAutosomal recessive
Ichthyosis, SLC27A4-related
This is a severe, inherited skin disorder caused by a genetic mutation that disrupts how the skin transports lipids (fats) and maintains its natural protective barrier. Without proper lipid transport, the skin undergoes abnormal keratinization, which is a process where the outer layer of skin cells becomes excessively thick, dry, and scaly. This leads to a non-epidermolytic, lamellar-type ichthyosis where the skin cannot retain moisture or protect itself normally.
View details - HighSkin & coatAutosomal recessive
Ichthyosis, TGM1-related(ARCI)
This is an inherited skin disorder caused by a genetic mutation in the TGM1 gene, which produces an enzyme essential for building the skin's outer protective barrier. Without this functioning enzyme, the skin cannot retain moisture or shed dead cells properly, leading to severe and uncontrolled scaling. This condition is also known as lamellar ichthyosis.
Tested via: DNA testView details - SevereGeneral / metabolicComplex
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis(IPF)
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a severe, progressive disease of the respiratory system where the lung tissue becomes scarred and thickened over time. The term 'idiopathic' means the underlying cause of this scarring is unknown. As the lung tissue loses its elasticity, it becomes increasingly difficult for oxygen to pass from the lungs into the bloodstream.
View details - SevereGeneral / metabolicAutosomal recessive
Immunodeficiency
This is an inherited disorder of the immune system where the dog's body cannot produce a proper defense against common pathogens. Because the immune system is severely compromised, the body is unable to fight off routine bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This leaves the dog highly vulnerable to frequent and severe infections.
View details - SevereGeneral / metabolicAutosomal recessive
Immunodeficiency, CARD9-related(CARD9)
This is an inherited immune system disorder where a genetic defect impairs the CARD9 protein, preventing the body from effectively fighting off fungal pathogens and certain bacteria like Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). Because the immune system cannot control these common environmental organisms, they can spread unchecked and cause severe damage to internal organs, bones, and skin.
Tested via: DNA testView details - SevereGeneral / metabolicComplex
Immunoglobulin A glomerulonephropathy(IgAN)
This is an immune system disorder where specific antibodies called Immunoglobulin A build up in the kidneys' filtering units, known as glomeruli. This accumulation causes chronic inflammation and progressive damage to the kidney tissue, impairing its ability to filter waste. A definitive diagnosis requires a kidney biopsy and urinalysis to detect these antibody deposits under a microscope.
View details - HighGeneral / metabolicComplex
Immunoglobulin G deficiency(IgGD)
This condition is a deficiency of Immunoglobulin G (IgG), which are the primary antibodies circulating in a dog's blood to fight off infections. Without enough of these protective proteins, the immune system cannot properly identify and destroy invading bacteria and viruses. This leaves the dog's entire body highly vulnerable to recurrent and severe infections.
View details - HighGeneral / metabolicUnknown
Inborn error of hepatic metabolism
This is a congenital metabolic disorder affecting the liver, where the organ is unable to properly process certain nutrients or filter out toxins. Because the liver cannot perform these essential chemical processes, harmful waste products build up in the bloodstream and can damage both the liver itself and the nervous system.
View details - HighGeneral / metabolicComplex
Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle(IOHC)
This skeletal condition, also known as humeral intracondylar fissure (HIF), occurs when the two halves of the lower upper-arm bone (the humerus) in the elbow joint do not fuse together properly into a single solid bone. This failure to fuse, which can be developmental or acquired over time, leaves a permanent weakness or crack in the elbow joint. Because of this structural weakness, the bone is highly vulnerable to painful fractures even during normal, everyday activities.
View details - MildGeneral / metabolicComplex
Infertility
Infertility is a broad clinical sign affecting the reproductive system, meaning a dog is unable to produce or carry offspring. It is not a single disease but rather a complex condition that can stem from hormonal imbalances, structural abnormalities in the reproductive organs, or poor quality of sperm or eggs. Because it has many different underlying causes, the genetic inheritance of infertility is highly complex.
View details - HighGeneral / metabolicComplex
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic condition where the dog's immune system abnormally attacks the lining of the digestive tract. This persistent inflammation damages the intestines, preventing them from properly absorbing nutrients and digesting food. Over time, this can lead to chronic malnutrition and weight loss.
View details - SevereGeneral / metabolicAutosomal recessive
Inflammatory Myopathy (Dutch Shepherd)(IM)
This is an inherited condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the skeletal muscles, which are the muscles responsible for voluntary movement. This persistent inflammation causes the progressive breakdown and degeneration of muscle tissue throughout the body. Because it is an autosomal-recessive disorder, it occurs when a puppy inherits two copies of the mutated gene.
View details - ModerateGeneral / metabolicComplex
Inguinal hernia
An inguinal hernia occurs when there is a weakness or tear in the muscles of the lower abdominal wall near the groin, known as the inguinal canal. This opening allows abdominal contents, such as fat, intestines, or the uterus, to push through and protrude under the skin. It primarily affects the abdominal wall and can involve the digestive or reproductive organs depending on what tissue protrudes.
View details - SevereGeneral / metabolicUnknown
Intestinal atresia
Intestinal atresia is a congenital birth defect affecting the digestive tract where parts of the intestine are completely closed off or missing entirely. This physical blockage prevents food and fluids from passing through the dog's digestive system. Because the pathway is obstructed, the puppy cannot digest nutrients or eliminate waste normally.
View details - SevereGeneral / metabolicComplex
Intussusception, susceptibility to
This condition is a genetic predisposition affecting the digestive system, where one segment of the intestine slides or telescopes into an adjacent section. This telescoping action creates a physical blockage in the bowel and can cut off the blood supply to the affected tissue. Without prompt intervention, this lack of blood flow can lead to severe tissue damage in the intestines.
View details - MildEyesUnknown
Iris atrophy
Iris atrophy is a progressive thinning and degeneration of the iris, which is the colored part of the eye that controls how much light enters. This condition affects the muscular structure of the eye, causing the pupil to lose its ability to shrink fully in bright light. It is typically a natural part of the aging process and does not cause pain.
View details - ModerateEyesComplex
Iris defects
Iris defects are congenital structural abnormalities of the iris, which is the colored part of the eye that controls how much light enters. These defects can include colobomas, which are gaps or holes in the iris, or hypoplasia, which is the underdevelopment of the iris tissue. Because of these structural changes, the pupil cannot constrict normally to regulate light.
View details - MildEyesUnknown
Iris sphincter dysplasia
This is a congenital eye condition affecting the iris, which is the colored part of the dog's eye. It involves a malformation of the sphincter muscle, the specific muscle responsible for narrowing the pupil. Because this muscle does not develop properly, the pupil cannot constrict normally to limit the amount of light entering the eye.
View details - SevereHead / nervous systemAutosomal recessive
Juvenile to adolescent cerebellar ataxia, RAB24-related(CA-RAB24)
This is an inherited neurological disease affecting the cerebellum, which is the part of the brain that controls balance and movement coordination. A genetic mutation in the RAB24 gene causes the nerve cells in this region to progressively break down and die. As these cells degenerate, the dog loses the ability to coordinate its physical movements.
View details - MildGeneral / metabolicUnknown
Kai blood group system(Kai)
The Kai blood group system refers to a specific protein marker, or antigen, found on the surface of a dog's red blood cells. This system exists alongside the traditional Dog Erythrocyte Antigen (DEA) classifications to help identify a dog's specific blood type. Knowing this blood type is essential for ensuring compatibility within the circulatory system during medical procedures.
View details - SevereHead / nervous systemAutosomal recessive
KCNIP4-related cerebellar ataxia(SCA)
This is an inherited neurological disorder affecting the brain, specifically the cerebellum, which is the area responsible for coordinating movement. A genetic mutation causes the nerve cells in this region to degenerate and fail to function properly. As these cells break down, the dog loses its ability to control its balance and physical actions.
Tested via: DNA testView details - SevereHead / nervous systemAutosomal recessive
KCNJ10-related cerebellar ataxia(SAMS)
This is an inherited neurological disorder affecting the cerebellum, which is the part of the brain that coordinates movement and balance. A genetic mutation disrupts the potassium channels in the nervous system, preventing nerve cells from communicating properly. This disruption leads to a progressive loss of physical coordination.
View details
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