Dog Diseases Database
Every hereditary and common canine condition — with tests, affected body regions, and the breeds where each shows up most.
Filters
- ModerateEyesUnknown
Optic nerve hypoplasia and micropapilla(ONH)
This condition involves the congenital underdevelopment of the optic nerve, known as optic nerve hypoplasia, or an abnormally small optic disc, called micropapilla. These structures are crucial parts of the eye's visual pathway, and their underdevelopment impairs the transmission of visual signals from the eye to the brain. It is a congenital defect of the visual system that is present from birth.
Affects 37 breedsView details - HighEyesComplex
Persistent Hyperplastic Tunica Vasculosa Lentis (PHTVL) and Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous (PHPV)(PHTVL/PHPL)
This is a congenital eye disorder where the temporary blood vessel network that nourishes the lens before birth fails to shrink and disappear as it normally should. Instead, this embryonic tissue remains and grows abnormally behind and around the lens. This can cause cloudiness in the lens, known as cataracts, and other structural changes inside the eye.
Affects 36 breedsView details - SevereGeneral / metabolicComplex
Gastric dilatation-volvulus(GDV)
Gastric dilatation-volvulus, commonly known as bloat, is a severe condition affecting the stomach and digestive system. It occurs when the stomach fills with gas and twists on itself, trapping the gas and blocking blood flow to vital organs. This twisting can rapidly lead to tissue damage and cardiovascular shock if not treated immediately.
Affects 35 breedsTested via: RadiographView details - SevereHeartComplex
Heart disease
Heart disease refers to structural or functional abnormalities of the heart muscle, valves, or electrical system that impair its ability to pump blood effectively. This reduced pumping efficiency prevents the cardiovascular system from delivering adequate oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues. Some forms are congenital, meaning present from birth, while others are acquired over time due to wear or genetic factors.
Affects 35 breedsTested via: Cardiac exam, DNA testView details - MildMouth & teethUnknown
Zahn- und Bissbewertung
This is not a disease, but rather a routine clinical dental and bite evaluation (often called a Gebissbescheinigung) performed by a veterinarian. The examination assesses the dog's jaw alignment and teeth to ensure there are no structural abnormalities or malocclusions, which are misaligned bites. It is a standard screening typically used to certify a dog's dental health for breeding purposes.
Affects 35 breedsView details - HighEyesComplex
Pectinate ligament dysplasia(PLD)
Pectinate ligament dysplasia is an inherited eye condition where the tiny, comb-like tissue fibers in the drainage angle of the eye do not develop normally. This malformation restricts the natural outflow of fluid from the eye, causing fluid to build up. Over time, this buildup can lead to a dangerous increase in pressure within the eye, a condition known as glaucoma.
Affects 33 breedsTested via: Eye examView details - ModerateSpineComplex
Color Dilution Alopecia (CDA)(CDA)
Color Dilution Alopecia is a genetic skin disorder that affects dogs with diluted coat colors, such as blue, fawn, or lilac. It is caused by an abnormal distribution of pigment within the hair shafts, which makes the hair brittle and prone to breaking. This structural weakness leads to progressive hair loss and leaves the skin more vulnerable to irritation.
Affects 30 breedsTested via: DNA testView details - HighEyesAutosomal recessive
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (prcd-PRA)(PRA)
Progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd-PRA) is an inherited eye disease that causes the light-sensitive cells in the retina, which lines the back of the eye, to gradually break down and die. This degeneration affects both eyes and eventually leads to complete blindness. Because the retina cannot process light properly, the dog's brain stops receiving visual information.
Affects 30 breedsView details - SevereGeneral / metabolicComplex
Cleft palate
A cleft palate is a congenital birth defect where the roof of the mouth fails to fuse properly during development in the womb. This failure leaves an abnormal opening between the oral cavity and the nasal passages. Because these two systems are directly connected, food, liquids, and air cannot be properly separated during swallowing.
Affects 29 breedsView details - HighEyesComplex
Congenital blindness
Congenital blindness is a severe or complete loss of vision present from birth, affecting the eyes and the neural pathways connected to the brain. It is caused by developmental abnormalities in key structures like the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, or the optic nerve. These structural defects prevent visual signals from being properly formed or transmitted.
Affects 22 breedsTested via: Eye examView details - HighGeneral / metabolicAutosomal recessive
MDR1 gene mutation (drug sensitivity)(MDR1)
This genetic condition affects the nervous system by impairing the blood-brain barrier, which normally acts as a protective filter for the brain. Due to a missing transport protein, certain common medications can cross this barrier unchecked and accumulate in the brain. This can lead to severe, life-threatening neurological damage.
Affects 22 breedsTested via: DNA testView details - HighEyesComplex
Eye conditions (ophthalmological eye exam)(ECVO)
This refers to a variety of hereditary eye conditions affecting the structures of the eye, such as the lens, retina, or eyelids. An ophthalmological eye exam is a specialized clinical screening used to detect these genetic defects, which include cataracts (clouding of the lens) or progressive retinal atrophy (gradual degeneration of the light-sensitive retina). Early detection through these screenings helps identify issues before they cause permanent vision loss or chronic pain.
Affects 21 breedsTested via: Eye examView details - ModerateGeneral / metabolicAutosomal recessive
Albinism
Albinism is an inherited condition where the body cannot produce melanin, the natural pigment responsible for coloring the skin, fur, and eyes. This metabolic disruption affects the integumentary system (the skin and coat) as well as the eyes. Without melanin, these tissues lack their normal protective coloration and UV defense.
Affects 20 breedsTested via: DNA testView details - SevereGeneral / metabolicComplex
Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS)(BOAS)
Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is a severe respiratory condition affecting short-muzzled dog breeds, where the physical shortening of the skull leaves insufficient space for the upper airways. This structural compression forces tissues like the soft palate and nasal passages into a restricted area, significantly obstructing the flow of oxygen to the lungs. Over time, the increased effort required to breathe puts chronic strain on the dog's respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
Affects 20 breedsTested via: RadiographView details - SevereHead / nervous systemAutosomal recessive
Cerebellar abiotrophy(CA)
Cerebellar abiotrophy is an inherited neurological disorder affecting the brain, specifically the cerebellum, which regulates balance and movement coordination. In affected dogs, the nerve cells in this region prematurely degenerate and die off. This progressive cell loss disrupts the brain's ability to control smooth physical movements.
Affects 19 breedsTested via: DNA testView details - ModerateGeneral / metabolicAutosomal recessive
Chondrodysplasia, SLC13A1-related
This is an inherited form of dwarfism affecting the skeletal system, specifically bone and cartilage development. It is caused by a genetic mutation that leads to a deficiency in sulfate, a compound crucial for healthy bone growth. Without enough sulfate, the dog's skeleton cannot develop to its normal size and structure.
Affects 19 breedsTested via: DNA testView details - ModerateSkin & coatComplex
Demodicosis / Demodectic mange
Demodicosis is a skin disease caused by an overgrowth of microscopic Demodex mites that naturally live inside a dog's hair follicles. While these mites are normally harmless, an inherited or acquired weakness in the immune system can allow them to multiply uncontrollably. This overgrowth leads to inflammation and damage to the skin barrier.
Affects 19 breedsView details - ModerateSkin & coatComplex
Atopy(CAD)
Atopy is a chronic allergic skin disease where a dog's immune system overreacts to common environmental substances like pollen, mold spores, and dust mites. This inappropriate immune response damages the natural protective barrier of the skin, leading to persistent inflammation and irritation. It primarily affects the skin, which is the body's largest organ system.
Affects 18 breedsView details - ModerateEarsComplex
Deafness
Deafness is a partial or complete loss of hearing that affects the nervous system and auditory pathways. It is often hereditary and frequently linked to specific coat pigmentation genes, such as the merle or piebald genes, which can affect the development of the inner ear. This genetic form of deafness results from a lack of pigment cells in the inner ear, leading to the degeneration of vital sensory cells.
Affects 18 breedsView details - MildHeartAutosomal recessive
Factor VII Deficiency(F7)
Factor VII deficiency is an inherited blood clotting disorder affecting the circulatory system. It occurs when the body does not produce enough Factor VII, which is a specific protein essential for forming blood clots. Without enough of this protein, the normal process that stops bleeding is delayed, leading to prolonged bleeding after injuries or medical procedures.
Affects 18 breedsView details - HighEyesComplex
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) - "dry eye"(KCS)
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), commonly known as dry eye, is a chronic disease of the ocular system where the tear glands fail to produce enough natural tears. Without this protective moisture, the cornea (the clear surface of the eye) and surrounding tissues become dry, inflamed, and highly susceptible to painful damage.
Affects 17 breedsView details - HighMouth & teethComplex
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease(LCPD)
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is a serious orthopedic condition affecting the hip joint, primarily in small breed dogs. It occurs when the blood supply to the head of the thigh bone, known as the femur, is spontaneously disrupted. Without blood, this bone tissue dies and collapses, leading to severe joint inflammation and pain.
Affects 17 breedsView details - ModerateEyesComplex
Microphthalmia
Microphthalmia is a congenital developmental disorder of the visual system where one or both of a dog's eyeballs are abnormally small. This structural defect occurs during embryonic development and is often accompanied by other eye abnormalities, such as cataracts, which are cloudy areas in the lens of the eye. Because the eyeball itself is underdeveloped, the surrounding eyelids may also appear droopy or misaligned.
Affects 17 breedsView details - MildGeneral / metabolicComplex
Monorchidism
Monorchidism is a developmental condition of the male reproductive system where only one testicle descends into the scrotum. The second testicle either remains trapped inside the abdomen or groin canal, or it failed to develop entirely during embryonic growth.
Affects 17 breedsView details - HighEyesAutosomal recessive
Progressive rod-cone degeneration (PRCD-PRA)(PRA-prcd)
This is an inherited eye disease where the light-sensitive cells in the retina, called rods and cones, slowly break down over time. The rods, which handle vision in dim light, degenerate first, followed by the cones, which are responsible for bright light and color vision. This gradual degeneration of the eye's sensory layer eventually leads to complete blindness.
Affects 17 breedsView details
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