Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia(IMT)
Also known as: Immungemedierte Thrombozytopenie · Autoimmunthrombozytopenie · ITP · Primary immune-mediated thrombocytopenia · AITP · …
Overview
What it is
Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune disease where the dog's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys its own blood platelets, which are cells essential for normal blood clotting. This destruction occurs primarily in the spleen and liver, leaving the body with too few platelets to stop bleeding. Without enough of these cells, spontaneous and potentially severe bleeding can occur throughout the body.
How it presents
Owners may notice tiny red or purple spots on the gums and skin, nosebleeds, pale gums, or blood in the urine and stool. This condition typically develops suddenly in young to middle-aged adult dogs, often accompanied by extreme weakness and lethargy.
Treatment
The condition is treatable but requires intensive, often long-term medical therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and potentially emergency blood transfusions. Management involves frequent veterinary monitoring, with overall treatment costs typically ranging from 1,500 to 6,000 EUR.
How it's tested
Affected breeds
Treatment cost
Estimated range of typical treatment cost. Actual cost depends on severity, clinic and region.
Frequently asked
What is Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia?
Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune disease where the dog's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys its own blood platelets, which are cells essential for normal blood clotting. This destruction occurs primarily in the spleen and liver, leaving the body with too few platelets to stop bleeding. Without enough of these cells, spontaneous and potentially severe bleeding can occur throughout the body.
How is Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia tested?
Various clinical and genetic tests are used depending on the breed and presentation.
Which breeds are most affected?
Most commonly affected: Miniature Poodle, Old English Sheepdog.